About 33 percent of US adults report to feel lonely. Older adults are especially likely to feel lonely. Their social networks shrink, they have less contact with family, and some friends and family have passed away. Young adults also have high rates of loneliness. Some surveys indicate Gen Z is the loneliest generation. Loneliness is linked to cardiovascular disease, heart disease, high blood pressure, and premature death. It is associated with depression, suicide, low self-esteem, social anxiety, alcohol abuse, cognitive decline and risk of dementia.
A person feels lonely when there is a disparity in the relationships they have and the relationships they want. It might be that they are unhappy with the quality or quantity of their relationships. Unlike a person who wants to be alone, a lonely person feels alone without wanting to. They don't feel like they have a choice in the matter.
The opposite of feeling lonely is feeling socially connected. Social connection protects against mental health problems. It is associated with higher self-esteem, lower rates of depression, and increased hopefulness. Socially connected people report more positive emotions, greater subjective well-being, and increased empathy.
Treating loneliness is similar to treating insecure attachment. Therapy helps you to identify the interpersonal patterns that lead to disconnection, avoidance, and isolation. Reflecting on fears of judgment, sensitivity to criticism, and disappointments with others is a major component of treatment.